The apple tree is a deciduous tree in the rose family best known for its sweet, pomaceous fruit, the apple. It is cultivated worldwide as a fruit tree, and is the most widely grown species in the genus Malus. The tree originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor, Malus sieversii, is still found today. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe, and were brought to North America by European colonists. Apples have religious and mythological significance in many cultures, including Norse, Greek and European Christian traditions.

Apple trees are large if grown from seed, but small if grafted onto roots. There are more than 7,500 known cultivars of apples, resulting in a range of desired characteristics. Different cultivars are bred for various tastes and uses, including cooking, eating raw and cider production. Apples are generally propagated by grafting, although wild apples grow readily from seed. Trees and fruit are prone to a number of fungal, bacterial and pest problems, which can be controlled by a number of organic and non-organic means. In 2010, the fruit's genome was sequenced as part of research on disease control and selective breeding in apple production.

Worldwide production of apples in 2013 was 80.8 million tonnes, with China accounting for 49% of the total.

The mango is a juicy stone fruit belonging to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous tropical fruiting trees,

cultivated mostly for edible fruit. The majority of these species are found in nature as wild mangoes. They all belong to the

flowering plant family Anacardiaceae. The mango is native to South Asia,[2][3] from where it has been distributed worldwide to

become one of the most cultivated fruits in the tropics.

While other Mangifera species (e.g. horse mango, Mangifera foetida) are also grown on a more localized basis, Mangifera indica

—the "common mango" or "Indian mango"—is the only mango tree commonly cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions.

It is the national fruit of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines, and the national tree of Bangladesh.

The orange is the fruit of the citrus species Citrus × sinensis in the family Rutaceae.

The fruit of the Citrus × sinensis is considered a sweet orange, whereas the fruit of the Citrus × aurantium is considered a

bitter orange. The sweet orange reproduces asexually (apomixis through nucellar embryony); varieties of sweet orange arise

through mutations.

The orange is a hybrid, between pomelo (Citrus maxima) and mandarin (Citrus reticulata). It has genes that are ~25% pomelo and

~75% mandarin; however, it is not a simple backcrossed BC1 hybrid, but hybridized over multiple generations.The chloroplast

genes, and therefore the maternal line, seem to be pomelo. The sweet orange has had its full genome sequenced. Earlier

estimates of the percentage of pomelo genes varying from ~50% to 6% have been reported.

Sweet oranges were mentioned in Chinese literature in 314 BC. As of 1987, orange trees were found to be the most cultivated

fruit tree in the world. Orange trees are widely grown in tropical and subtropical climates for their sweet fruit. The fruit

of the orange tree can be eaten fresh, or processed for its juice or fragrant peel. As of 2012, sweet oranges accounted for

approximately 70% of citrus production.

In 2013, 71.4 million metric tons of oranges were grown worldwide, production being highest in Brazil and the U.S. states of

Florida and California.

Watermelon is a vine-like flowering plant originally from southern Africa. It is a large, sprawling annual plant with coarse,

hairy pinnately-lobed leaves and white to yellow flowers. It is grown for its edible fruit, also known as a watermelon, which

is a special kind of berry botanically called a pepo. The fruit has a smooth hard rind, usually green with dark green stripes

or yellow spots, and a juicy, sweet interior flesh, usually deep red to pink, but sometimes orange, yellow, or white, with

many seeds.

Considerable breeding effort has been put into disease-resistant varieties and into developing a seedless strain. Many

cultivars are available, producing mature fruit within 100 days of planting the crop. The fruit can be eaten raw or cooked.